What is the purpose of a Proctor test in soil engineering?

The Proctor test is a crucial procedure in soil engineering used primarily to determine the optimal moisture content for soil compaction. This test helps identify the relationship between the moisture content of the soil and its density when compacted, allowing engineers to establish the best conditions under which soil can reach its maximum density.

In practice, the Proctor test involves compacting soil at various moisture levels and measuring the resulting density. The outcome is plotted on a curve, revealing the peak density and corresponding moisture content, known as the optimal moisture content. This information enables engineers to specify the appropriate moisture level when conducting earthworks, ensuring that the soil achieves the desired compaction and mechanical properties for construction projects.

This focus on compaction helps improve soil stability, load-bearing capacity, and overall performance in civil engineering applications, making the identification of optimal compaction conditions fundamental for foundation support and earth structure stability.